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The School of Mindful Arts

MaitriMind Blog

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1/11/2021

Benefits of Practicing Mindfulness as a Family
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​            Mindfulness is increasingly common in classrooms as an intervention strategy, part of the rhythm of the day, or even as a teaching pedagogy, but even long before children start school, they can benefit from mindfulness. In fact, the whole family can improve physical, mental, and emotional health by practicing together. Additionally, the family unit gains compassion, increased communication skills, and a shared vocabulary for conflict resolution when a solid foundation of mindfulness is present. Perhaps the most joyous benefit of practicing mindfulness as a family is the happy memories made together when everyone is fully present and in tune with each other.

            Parents often ask when the best time is to start mindfulness with their children. Ideally, it would be before they are even born, yet it is never too late to start! According to Greater Good Magazine, participants in Nurse-midwife Nancy Bardacke’s Mindfulness-Based Childbirth and Parenting (MBCP) classes reported improvements in pregnancy anxiety and stress levels and more frequent positive feelings—such as enjoyment, gratitude, and hope—after the program. The breathing exercises that are the foundation of Lamaze birthing and pain-management strategies are identical to some of those used in mindfulness. I can personally verify that having an established meditation practice made patience and flexibility much easier in my parenting.  On the other hand, whether your child is in pre-school, elementary, middle, or high school, there are mindfulness practices and curricula for their age group that facilitate developmental milestones and ease the specific challenges for each age-group.

            No matter what age is your entry point to mindfulness practices (even adulthood), to effectively achieve the physical, mental, and emotional benefits, it is important to understand that mindfulness is skills-oriented, not goal-oriented.  For example, a reasonable physical intention would be to meditate for 5-10 minutes per day for at least six weeks. That is the length of time necessary to begin to activate neuroplasticity and rewire your brain to respond instead of react to situations. Just like any health plan, focusing on strategies instead of results is more realistic. It is also more fair to focus on skills instead of goals with the mental and emotional aspects of mindfulness with children of any age.  The following table shows the subtle differences in motivation and integrity of mindfulness teaching when this principal is remembered.







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​   A wonderful part of practicing mindfulness as a family is the social-emotional bonding and shared strategies for communication that each member of the group gains. While having a goal of no bickering in the family is not realistic, it can be lessened when each person has the same problem-solving toolkit. Even the youngest children can remember to pause and take deep breaths, go gather their thoughts in a Peace Place, or do some physical activity when big feelings are threatening to take over. It is a beautiful thing to see children support each other and the adults in their lives by suggesting mindful strategies to a family member in distress! Classes in engaged mindfulness from The School of Mindful Arts also cover such conflict resolution strategies as justice circles, using “I” statements, deep listening, Native American inspired talking sticks, and a game called Grok cards.  (https://www.groktheworld.com/kids-grok)

            In my parenting journey, the thing I have most appreciated about weaving mindfulness into the fabric of our family life has been the shared memories we have made.  The definition of mindfulness is “being aware, in the present moment, without harmful negative judgements”.  This quality of being fully present to my family and each individual moment we are sharing extends beyond the dedicated mindfulness practice sessions to an appreciation of all our times together.  While some of my favorite memories with my children have been taking mindful walks/nature hikes, doing contemplative arts and crafts together, and engaging in more formal meditation practices, the quality of mindful presence has enabled me to appreciate and treasure the more mundane elements of family life- even doing chores together. Embracing the value of non-judgement can even make each family member more likely to try new activities that they may not initially feel drawn to.

            Being gentle with yourself and your family without unrealistic expectations is the basis for both living mindfully and starting to implement formal mindfulness practices into the rhythm of your days.  Mindfulness is a process and way of being as much as a set of exercises and practices. Both formal and informal mindfulness have important places in family life, no matter the age of your children. So, you can decide to implement sitting together with an auditory focus of nature sounds for five minutes before bed every night AND slow down and walk in silence listening to the birds in an impromptu way when hiking. You can do yoga together regularly AND use tree pose as a strategy for grounding when upset.  There are many tools and resources available to support parents in raising a mindful family. The most important part is to find your own entry point, no matter the age of your children or your previous level of experience and give mindfulness a try!



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11/16/2020

​The Symbiotic Relationship
​Between Mindfulness and Environmental Education

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​     Environmental studies, ecology, and conservation as we know them today were disciplines which gained momentum in the 1960s. They were largely inspired Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring, but philosophers and scientists including Rousseau, Darwin, Thoreau, and Aristotle all laid the groundwork for these fields hundreds of years before. Similarly, Jon Kabat-Zinn coined the term “mindfulness” in 1979, but every religion for thousands of years prior had contemplative practices. Combining education in these two fields has become increasingly common in the past ten years, but from the start of the nature education movement in the 19th century the spiritual and ethical aspects of humans in their environment was emphasized.  Recent research has shown that people who combine mindfulness and environmental studies reap benefits for their individual physical, emotional and cognitive health. These same cognitive gains also support social and global changes and implementation of sustainability initiatives, so using the terminology of biology, they are mutually beneficial, symbiotic disciplines.

     On an individual level, there are many potential health benefits from practicing mindfulness in nature. Because movement is usually involved in outdoor contemplative activities, yoga and tai chi for example, practitioners get the physical benefits of exercise in addition to the mental/emotional supports of the mindfulness process. Choosing to practice mindfulness outdoors also gives one the ability to try specific mindfulness practices which are only done in nature, such as forest bathing and walking meditation.  The clinical mindfulness benefits of reduced blood pressure, increased immunity, deeper sleep, etc. are improved when combined with gentle exercise. Provided you are in an area with good air quality, the healthy outcomes of breathing exercises and increased oxygen in the body are boosted by practicing outdoors in the fresh air.

     Children and adults alike also benefit physically from mindfulness due to neuroplasticity, the ability of the brain to continually reorganize itself and grow. Contemplative practices build the neural connections between the amygdala, the primal part of the brain, and the prefrontal cortex, the seat of higher reasoning.  Positive neuroplasticity promotes emotional regulation which supports many of the 
goals of environmental education.  Mindfulness gives people an increased sense of well-being which helps them to feel more optimistic about environmental problems. The awareness of interdependence gained from contemplative practices builds feelings of connection to the natural world, thus increasing individuals’ desire to care for the planet.  Likewise, heightened compassion increases concern for equity and justice for others, encouraging a sustainability mind-set.  Emotional resilience is one of the most important outcomes from mindfulness practices, and this quality promotes the confidence to act instead of feeling overwhelmed about climate change and other environmental concerns.

     Combining mindfulness practices with environmental education builds cognitive as well as emotional skills which contribute to a deeper understanding of sustainability and an improved ability to be a change-maker.  Learning how to pause and take a breath and knowing how to respond instead of react to situations enables more skillful and peaceful advocacy. Cultivation of the core values which are part of ethical mindfulness education activates a sense of responsibility for others, communities, and the planet.  The increased density of the pre-frontal cortex which comes from sustained mindfulness practice promotes better problem-solving skills and leads to increased innovation in mitigation strategies for environmental threats and disasters.

     A more recent sub-discipline of secular mindfulness is engaged mindfulness which is usually begun after an individual has a solidly established personal practice. This practice is more in keeping with the original term of Right Mindfulness from Buddhist philosophy. Engaged mindfulness seeks to integrate social and scientific knowledge with empathy and values to inspire involvement and action. I explain engaged mindfulness to children with the metaphor of helping others as well as oneself being as crucial as breathing out as well as breathing in. Since our first mindfulness lessons are establishing awareness of the breath, focusing on exhaling along with inhaling is an image that they are prepared to understand as their practice matures. Engaged mindfulness promotes environmental activism by imparting a feeling of belonging to one human family sharing one planet.  One of the most beautiful ways engaged mindfulness practice prepares children to be citizens of the world, especially when combined with environmental education, is by developing an appreciation of indigenous wisdom and relationship native peoples have with nature.

     In my upper level lessons for teens and adults, I make a distinction between engaged mindfulness and applied mindfulness, with the latter having an even broader scope and the goal of addressing systemic changes beyond just the call for individual activism.  The new neural connections built over time with even short sessions of meditation repeated often facilitate a growth-mindset and empower practitioners with the ability to devise new structures and frameworks. The group altruism developed by being a part of a mindful community fosters a desire for social, economic, and political equity. Any initiatives to promote true social sustainability also have positive effects on the environment 
by reducing consumption and waste.  Part of being trained as an engaged mindfulness educator includes learning about trauma and restorative practices, as meditation and other contemplative practices are often used as supports in mental health interventions. This understanding of trauma and healing is also often applied to using mindfulness strategies to victims of natural disasters.  Being a part of a mindful community promotes a commitment to contribute towards deep, lasting comprehensive changes.
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     From individual health, emotional, and cognitive benefits to improvements in the well-being of communities and the planet, practicing mindfulness and environmental education together offers improved outcomes in many areas. The fields support each other, and together support individuals with the worldview and skills to make true change. Mindfulness teaches the resilience to be with personal, environmental, and social problems and the confidence to find and implement solutions. The mindfulness lessons in communication and conflict resolution empower students with the tools to be peaceful, skillful advocates. Mindfulness practices often have enhanced benefits for people when done outside.  Environmental advocates who have mindfulness trainings gain coping strategies for being with the anxieties of climate change, and therapeutic tools to help victims of natural disasters. The practices of both engaged and applied mindfulness specifically encourage individuals to feel connected to others and the natural world and thus contribute to caring for the well-being of communities and the planet. Mindfulness and contemplative studies, sustainability and environmental studies are inherently symbiotic and people of all ages benefit greatly from being taught both disciplines together.

Contemplative Art and Mindfulness For all Learning Styles

3/26/2021

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​       ​In the same pivotal year, 1979, when Jon Kabat-Zinn started the Mindfulness movement by founding his Stress Reduction Clinic at the University of Massachusetts Medical School, Walter Burke Barbe et al pioneered the theory of differentiated learning styles. They identified three learning modalities: Visual, Aural and Kinesthetic, known by the acronym VAK. In 1987, Neil Flemming added Reading/Writing as a fourth style, which Howard Gardner more appropriately broke in to Linguistic and Logical styles in his definitions of multiple intelligences.

      Although the idea of students having different learning modalities was a popular educational theory for almost thirty years, it has recently fallen out of favor because, in direct contrast to the mounting evidence to support Kabat-Zinn’s ideas, there has been very little neuroscience to support the Styles of Learners hypotheses. Instead of separating and labeling students by learning styles, it is more appropriate and effective to integrate all of the types of experiences in the classroom. This newer theory of integrated experiential instruction based on the five learning styles (the original VAK plus Linguistic and Logical) is naturally suited to teaching both Contemplative Art and Mindfulness.

      Any creative activity which affords the participant the opportunity to be fully present with their feelings, intent, the material and the product is Contemplative Art. The argument can be made that until the Renaissance and the rise of portrait and landscape painting, all art forms were religious and inherently contemplative. Cave paintings, music, calligraphy, sculpture, stained glass, ikebana, literature, the tea ceremony, medieval mystery plays- from primitive times to the rise of humanism all creativity celebrated the idea and image of the Devine as understood in the creators’ cultural context.  Most great artists in any field would still say that the element of immersion in their process and the investment of their feelings and personal attachment is critical whether their subject is religious, secular or even abstract. 

      This meditative aspect of creation is what defines Contemplative Art as a Mindfulness Practice and is not only the domain of the genius. Any person of any age can use mindful creativity as a form of meditation. Children do it intuitively and the popularity of adult coloring books reflects how many people want to reconnect with that part of  themselves. In Waldorf schools, watercolor painting and modeling with beeswax are taught as contemplative practices from preschool. In Montessori classrooms there is always an art area where the focus is on the process not the product because the actual product is the development of the child’s inner life. Since the mid-1940s when psychologist Margaret Naumburg began referring to her work as Art Therapy, the field has spread to hospitals, clinics and schools all across the country. Because the goal of developing awareness through the immersion in a certain type of consciousness is the same with Contemplative Art and meditation they can be woven together seamlessly in any Mindfulness Practice.

      Many art forms from ancient eastern Tantra to modern performance art focus on the experiential, the  process and somatic awareness. Somatic awareness is the information we receive thru our felt senses and goes way beyond the tactile sense of touch to include the whole neurological system, our awareness of our bodies moving thru space and those intangible feelings we often label “gut reactions”. Somatic experiences rely on input that is kinesthetic, visual, auditory and beyond. Incense can add another sensory layer to meditation as can a finger labyrinth or even a “worry stone”. Mindful Eating even engages the taste sense.  Savasana from yoga or a “body-scan” in secular mindfulness practices both bring awareness to the subtleties of somatic awareness. 

       Probably the most recognizable and easily duplicated example of somatic experiential art is the work of Jackson Pollock. Children as young as toddlers can feel the connection between their inner and outer life when provided with a large piece of paper on the floor, some paint and jazz music. This activity is just one simple example of a Contemplative Art and Mindfulness exercise which integrates different styles of learning- the Visual, Aural and Kinesthetic.  To involve older students who are beginning to add Linguistic and Logical thinking, mindful projects of journaling or researching more about the artist could be added.  For a longer-term group project, the time-honored tradition of a class producing a musical, however small scale, artfully combines all five learning styles plus the extremely important Social Emotional Learning (SEL) skills of collaboration, organization and usually some degree of diplomacy.

      Although it can be very freeing to focus on process instead of product when creating, not all Contemplative Art has to be temporary or disposable. There are almost unlimited sources of inspiration for projects that produce work which can be used in future Mindfulness Practices. Stringing mala beads is meditative in the process but also results in a bracelet that the maker can use to count breaths or mantras (and is an excellent exercise in small motor skills). Calligraphy, sculpting, drawing, painting, even candle-making can yield items which can be used as visual focus objects in future meditation. Baking bread can be a peaceful process of awareness (as well as a means to think about measurement and numbers for the Logical Thinking) and afterwards a vehicle for a practice of mindful eating.

      Just as Contemplative Art can be practiced in different learning modalities, so can Mindfulness. It‘s a common misconception that meditation is always a static practice usually performed in a sitting posture.  Although many people do meditate while sitting, either on the floor or in a chair, there are Mindfulness practices for every one of the five learning styles. There are traditions of walking, standing (which is particularly good for grounding) and even laying down meditations.  Mindfulness of a focus object/picture/statue/ flame is  an exercise in Visual Learning as well as concentration.  Being present with a bell or other neutral sound like waves, drumming, chanting is an Aural Learning experience.  Mantras &  anchor words are particularly good for Linguistic Learning in meditation but can also be helpful for those with a preference for Auditory Learning. Journaling and writing poetry are good creative contemplative practices for Linguistic thinking. Zen koans, esoteric symbolism and “magical” numbers would be things to ponder to mindfully exercise the Logical parts of the brain. Walking meditations, labyrinths, & yoga are particularly suited to Kinesthetic Learning as are tai chi, dance and eurhythmy. 

      In Gardner’s model, he lists seven types of intelligences, the five already mentioned plus Interpersonal and Intrapersonal. It is probably more appropriate to additionally assess the personal preference of Solitary vs. Social Learning for each student than to label these two as additional Learning Styles. Since Mindfulness is Awareness, no matter which is a persons more natural temperament - Solitary or Social- it is important to be able to experience both types of  being present, being with yourself and being with others for basic SEL. This is especially important in a classroom setting and a mindful teacher can skillfully guide the daily dance of balancing each child’s need for independence/solitude with their need for socialization. While the general perception of meditation is that it is a very solitary practice, and any of the above types of practice can be done alone, many also lend themselves to group settings as well. Sitting, walking, chanting, and yoga are all particularly good  Social Mindfulness Practices. Outside of a classroom setting, volunteer work, retreats and seasonal celebrations or festivals all are occasions for people to be mindful but not solitary. 

      Likewise, most Contemplative Art practices can be done in a Solitary or Social setting.  Music, dance, mural painting, poetry slams, group writing projects and theater are all mindful creative activities that can be very Social and collaborative. These should be balanced with more inward turning Contemplative Art practices such as watercolor painting, journaling, calligraphy, dance or musical solos and independent writing projects.
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     Of course, none of these practices are actually mindful if there isn’t awareness on the part of the participants and the especially the facilitator.  This intangible quality of being fully present and creatively weaving multi-sensory experiences together to present lessons in differing learning styles for all students makes teaching itself an ultimate exercise in Contemplative Art and Mindfulness.

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Mindful Movement

2/28/2021

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     Most mindfulness images show adults or children practicing sitting meditation, but for many people, especially those with conditions such as ADHD, sitting still for a period of time can be challenging or even stressful. Although benefits of mindfulness include learning self-control and self-regulation, a mindfulness teacher owes it to their students to build up to sitting periods slowly, and to be aware of the innate level of physicality of each student. Even for more introverted or sedentary people, including some mindful movement among their practices can have many benefits. These include: increased awareness of the sensations, and even potential symptoms, in the body; greater acceptance of their individual bodies, strengths, and weaknesses; and, depending on the embodied movement practice chosen, it can decrease anxiety and tension or energize a person.

     The three core elements of mindfulness are the same whether doing a still or active practice- being aware, in the present moment, without negative judgements. In any embodied mindfulness practice, awareness is more inwardly directed than outwardly.  In a sitting practice, one might be using a visual or auditory focus, whereas in a movement practice one’s focus is directed inward to the movement and sensations of the body. One thing that doesn’t change is the importance of awareness of the breath. Being fully present without ruminating about the past or anticipating future events is key in any type of mindfulness, dynamic or static.  The importance of avoiding any negative judgements gains even more importance when doing physical mindfulness practices, since the focus is one own’s own body. This can be challenging for people with any type of body dysmorphia or self-esteem issues, but ultimately, can be very therapeutic as an aid to making friends with and accepting their physical self as it is.
 
   There are many types of physical activities that have a mind/body connection. In my School of Mindful Arts classes, I teach yoga, Tai Chi, Qigong, and mindful walking. Yoga came to America as a mind/body wellness practice much earlier than most people are aware; it arrived with Indian immigrants in the 1920s! In the 1960s-80s, the hippie and new age movements helped popularize yoga, which was always a combination of movement, mindfulness, and breath awareness. Similarly, Tai Chi came to America with Chinese immigrants, as early as the 19th century. It is a system of exercises which promote the mind/body/breath connection as well.  Qigong is also a Chinese practice using movement, breathwork, and meditation. It is really aligned with modern mindfulness because it also utilizes affirmations and visualizations to support the flow of "qi" or life force, mental and emotional wellness, and the practitioner's harmony with nature. Mindful walking is a practice in several different Buddhist traditions, but has become more mainstream in America due to the popularity of the teachings of Vietnamese monk Thich Nhat Han. Mindful Walking includes an awareness and connection to one’s environment and the planet itself in addition to attention to the body and breath.
 
    There are many other types of embodied movement practices in addition to these four, and any physical activity can be an exercise in mindful movement. More important than the type of practice or exercise is the quality of presence one brings to the activity. All athletes from runners to dancers need to be aware and fully present in their bodies while shutting out outside stimuli. In that state, anything becomes a meditation itself. Many athletes refer to being “in the zone” when they achieve this level of concentration, focus, and effortless performance. There are specialists in the field of mindfulness for athletes who work with teams to help them use the power of neuroplasticy to be able to reach this state at will. Amy Saltzman’s book A Still Quiet Place for Athletes refers to this inner place of peace and peak performance as “the flow” and offers valuable advice about how to use mindfulness to find that spot for yourself.
 
    Awareness of the benefits of combining mindfulness with sports came to the mainstream in the early 1990s when the LA Lakers hired George Mumford to teach meditation to the team and they subsequently won eight NBA championships. A facet of Engaged Mindfulness that Mr. Mumford brought to the team was training in not only personal concentration, stress relief, and performance, but also the skills of mindful communication which can improve teamwork. His book, The Mindful Athlete, Secrets to Pure Performance, tells the story of the team’s mindfulness journey in addition to offering tips and techniques for any sportsperson to increase their joy and success in their chosen activity. Basketball stars LeBron James, Michael Jordan, and Kobe Bryant aren’t the only professional athletes who have employed mindfulness. The Seattle Seahawks also meditate as a team. Derek Jeter, Misty May-Treanor and Kerri Walsh, Canadian tennis player Bianca Andreescu, Carli Lloyd, Russell Wilson and Ricky Williams of the NFL all value meditation as part of their training regimen.

    Whether you are a professional or amateur athlete, starting a mindfulness practice can improve your concentration, endurance, pain tolerance and stress levels. If you are a mindfulness practitioner, incorporating some embodied mindfulness practices into your routine can increase the physical benefits of meditation including breath control, lowered blood pressure and heart rate, and improved sleep.  Yoga, Tai Chi, Qigong, and Mindful Walking are common types of meditative movement practices, but literally any physical activity from tap dancing to bowling can offer mindfulness benefits. The important factor is the ability to get into a state of awareness and ease often called “the flow” or “the zone”.

    It is important to work with a trained mindfulness teacher, social worker, or therapist in all types of meditation instruction, but especially so in the case of embodied mindfulness practices. A person could become triggered, especially if they have an eating disorder, ADHD, chronic pain, body image issues, PTSD, or other conditions. This does not mean that the practices should be avoided; they can be very therapeutic additional tools. It is imperative, however, to have a trained person nearby to support someone who encounters difficult memories or other sensations when doing work with physical mindfulness. That way everyone can be met with compassion and skillful means wherever they are and be able to get maximum benefits from embodied meditation.
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January 11th, 2021

1/11/2021

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Suggested Elements for a Peace Place in a PK Classroom or Home

1/23/2020

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          One of the best gifts we can give the young people in our lives is a space to go to learn to self-regulate when feelings become overwhelming. This is the compassionate, mindful alternative to time out used in many Montessori and Waldorf schools and homes. While time out is a vast improvement over old-fashioned methods of discipline such as sitting or standing in a corner, it is still something punitive imposed on a child by an adult. Providing a carefully curated space with appropriate materials and activities to increase self-awareness, enable a child to focus on the present moment, and where they are free of judgement and harsh self-judgement builds skills that benefit the child and the whole class/family.
     Initially, it will be incumbent upon the adult to invite the child to take a moment in the Peace Place when they see them beginning to get frustrated, angry, or overwhelmed by any strong emotion. Close observation and time are of the essence because once a child is in a meltdown or tantrum state, it is too late for this type of pre-emptive intervention. The goal is to encourage them to take a break before they are already reacting from the primal instincts of the amygdala, and then to participate in mindfulness practices that build neural connections to the prefrontal cortex where higher executive functions take place. Over time, children gain the skills to know when they need to go to the dedicated peace area and do so happily as needed because they have a sense of ownership and control.
     For PK aged children, the main purpose of this strategy is to focus on the physical literacy of mindfulness both to recognize when the child needs to choose the Peace Place and to help with self-regulatory skills when there. A great supportive/ preparatory activity is a guided body-scan followed by drawing sensations noticed on blank body outlines. Working with facial expression flash cards to recognize feelings (their own and others), and building emotional vocabulary are all SEL activities which can also support the emotional literacy of mindfulness and help children know when they might need to choose to take a break.
     The Peace Place needs to be a dedicated, inviting space not totally closed off, yet slightly separated from the rest of the classroom (or area of the home). This can be done with hanging beads, a canopy, silk scarves, plants, etc. No furniture is necessary and soft rugs, beanbags, pillows and blankets are cozy and safe even for children prone to tantrums. It is important that the area not be too “busy” with no media or character images. Colors should be soft and inviting as well as materials. To address any potential sensory overload from auditory input, noise cancelling headphones or earmuffs can be very helpful to keep in the area.
     The following is a list of items/activities that can be kept on a shelf or in a basket in a Peace Place, but not all of them should be available at once, only a few. If a child is in a situation of needing to calm down and look inward, going to an area where there is potential to be over-stimulated is obviously not going to be helpful. It is also a good way to maintain children’s interest in the peace area by rotating out different items/activities weekly or monthly. Its best to try to keep a mixture of items that appeal to different senses as opposed to all tactile or all auditory elements.
  • Mindfulness and other “gentle” picture books
  • A soft toy or two to use as a “Breathing Buddy” or to cuddle
  • A Hoberman sphere
  • A glitter/calming bottle
  • A sachet  
  • A weighted blanket
  • A bowl of smooth pebbles or polished stones for tactile engagement
  • Bubbles to blow
  • A pinwheel for breathing exercises
  • Coloring sheets- mandalas or nature- no media characters
  • A wave machine
  • Blank paper & colored pencils to draw feelings
  • Hand puppets
  • Modeling putty or beeswax
  • Stress balls
  • Battery operated candles or strings of small lights
  • A yoga mat and kids yoga pose cards
  • An eye mask
  • Bells, chimes, singing bowls
  • A scented rice eye pillow
     A final element that I recommend for every Peace Place is based on the Waldorf practice of having a Nature Table in each classroom. This is a small table or shelf within the peace area that has different natural elements relating to the current season often collected by the children themselves during the daily walk. There are countless studies attesting to the mental health benefits of children developing a relationship with the natural world and observing the daily changes in the seasons. A feeling of connectedness to the planet leads to a feeling of security and increased ability to build social connections. Fostering awareness of the changes in nature is a basic mindfulness skill to focus, but even more so attunes children to the daily changes in their own bodies and feelings. In additional to collected leaves, flowers, feathers, rocks, cones, etc., a nature table can also have a water fountain or potted plants. Children are natural magpies and love collect treasures which can also give them a sense of ownership of the Peace Place.
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New Year's Eve- a Perfectly Secular, Mindful Holiday

12/31/2018

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Happy New Years Eve!
This holiday is a perfect metaphor for the important facet of mindfulness of living in the present moment.
All over the globe, people of all faiths, personalities, ethnicities, abilities, ages, genders... the whole beautiful range of humanity, will join together to celebrate that very moment when the clock strikes twelve.
Even people who have never practiced mindfulness formally will be observing that crystal clear experience of not being in the past or the present at exactly midnight.
For hundreds of years before "mindfulness" was ever named, this experience of appreciating time out of time was acknowledged and celebrated. I consider this to be great evidence for the inherent human need for pausing to be fully present with kindness and curiosity.
But, unlike the holidays of All Hallows' Eve and Christmas Eve, both part of the season of celebrations which will culminate in New Years Day tomorrow, New Years Eve is totally secular and universal- just like mindfulness.
So tonight when you count down to 2019, please really savor all the gratitude for the past year and anticipation for the new while cherishing those twelve bells when it's not quite either.
All the fireworks and introspection, hugs and kisses, toasts and hope, and deep connection to the shared human experience of the moment- even if you are physically alone when the year turns-can be yours all year if you practice mindfulness.
If you commit to just 5-10 minutes per day of meditation, within 6-8 weeks you will begin to form new neural connections and increasingly be able to access that "clock striking midnight" feeling at other times throughout the year.
Wishing everyone a peaceful, joyous, safe celebration tonight!
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Contemplative Art and Mindfulness for All Styles of Learning

4/12/2017

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​In the same pivotal year, 1979, when Jon Kabat-Zinn started the Mindfulness movement by founding his Stress Reduction Clinic at the University of Massachusetts Medical School, Walter Burke Barbe et al pioneered the theory of differentiated learning styles. They identified three learning modalities: Visual, Aural and Kinesthetic, known by the acronym VAK. In 1987, Neil Flemming added Reading/Writing as a fourth style, which Howard Gardner more appropriately broke in to Linguistic and Logical styles in his definitions of multiple intelligences.  Although the idea of students having different learning modalities was a popular educational theory for almost thirty years, it has recently fallen out of favor because, in direct contrast to the mounting evidence to support Kabat-Zinn’s ideas, there has been very little neuroscience to support the Styles of Learners hypotheses. Instead of separating and labeling students by learning styles, it is more appropriate and effective to integrate all of the types of experiences in the classroom. This newer theory of integrated experiential instruction based on the five learning styles (the original VAK plus Linguistic and Logical) is naturally suited to teaching both Contemplative Art and Mindfulness.

Any creative activity which affords the participant the opportunity to be fully present with their feelings, intent, the material and the product is  Contemplative Art. The argument can be made that until the Renaissance and the rise of portrait and landscape painting, all art forms were religious and inherently contemplative. Cave paintings, music, calligraphy, sculpture, stained glass, ikebana, literature, the tea ceremony, medieval mystery plays- from primitive times to the rise of humanism all creativity celebrated the idea and image of the Devine as understood in the creators’ cultural context.  Most great artists in any field would still say that the element of immersion in their process and the investment of their feelings and personal attachment is critical whether their subject is religious, secular or even abstract. 

This meditative aspect of creation is what defines Contemplative Art as a Mindfulness Practice and is not only the domain of the genius. Any person of any age can use mindful creativity as a form of meditation. Children do it intuitively and the popularity of adult coloring books reflects how many people want to reconnect with that part of  themselves. In Waldorf schools, watercolor painting and modeling with beeswax are taught as contemplative practices from preschool. In Montessori classrooms there is always an art area where the focus is on the process not the product because the actual product is the development of the child’s inner life. Since the mid-1940s when psychologist Margaret Naumburg began referring to her work as Art Therapy, the field has spread to hospitals, clinics and schools all across the country. Because the goal of developing awareness through the immersion in a certain type of consciousness is the same with Contemplative Art and meditation they can be woven together seamlessly in any Mindfulness Practice.

 Many art forms from ancient eastern Tantra to modern performance art focus on the experiential, the  process and somatic awareness. Somatic awareness is the information we receive thru our felt senses and goes way beyond the tactile sense of touch to include the whole neurological system, our awareness of our bodies moving thru space and those intangible feelings we often label “gut reactions”. Somatic experiences rely on input that is kinesthetic, visual, auditory and beyond. Incense can add another sensory layer to meditation as can a finger labyrinth or even a “worry stone”. Mindful Eating even engages the taste sense.  Savasana from yoga or a “body-scan” in secular mindfulness practices both bring awareness to the subtleties of somatic awareness. 

 Probably the most recognizable and easily duplicated example of somatic experiential art is the work of Jackson Pollock. Children as young as toddlers can feel the connection between their inner and outer life when provided with a large piece of paper on the floor, some paint and jazz music. This activity is just one simple example of a Contemplative Art and Mindfulness exercise which integrates different styles of learning- the Visual, Aural and Kinesthetic.  To involve older students who are beginning to add Linguistic and Logical thinking, mindful projects of journaling or researching more about the artist could be added.  For a longer term group project, the time-honored tradition of a class producing a musical, however small scale, artfully combines all five learning styles plus the extremely important Social Emotional Learning (SEL)  skills of collaboration, organization and usually some degree of diplomacy.

Although it can be very freeing to focus on process instead of product when creating, not all Contemplative Art has to be temporary or disposable. There are almost unlimited sources of inspiration for projects that produce work which can be used in future Mindfulness Practices. Stringing mala beads is meditative in the process but also results in a bracelet that the maker can use to count breaths or mantras (and is an excellent exercise in small motor skills). Calligraphy, sculpting, drawing, painting, even candle-making can yield items which can be used as visual focus objects in future meditation. Baking bread can be a peaceful process of awareness (as well as a means to think about measurement and numbers for the Logical Thinking) and afterwards a vehicle for a practice of mindful eating.

Just as Contemplative Art can be practiced in different learning modalities, so can Mindfulness. It‘s a common misconception that meditation is always a static practice usually performed in a sitting posture.  Although many people do meditate while sitting, either on the floor or in a chair, there are Mindfulness practices for every one of the five learning styles. There are traditions of walking, standing (which is particularly good for grounding) and even laying down meditations.  Mindfulness of a focus object/picture/statue/ flame is  an exercise in Visual Learning as well as concentration.  Being present with a bell or other neutral sound like waves, drumming, chanting is an Aural Learning experience.  Mantras &  anchor words are particularly good for Linguistic Learning in meditation but can also be helpful for those with a preference for Auditory Learning. Journaling and writing poetry are good creative contemplative practices for Linguistic thinking. Zen koans, esoteric symbolism and “magical” numbers would be things to ponder to mindfully exercise the Logical parts of the brain. Walking meditations, labyrinths, & yoga are particularly suited to Kinesthetic Learning as are tai chi, dance and eurhythmy. 

In Gardner’s model, he lists seven types of intelligences, the five already mentioned plus Interpersonal and Intrapersonal. It is probably more appropriate to additionally assess the personal preference of Solitary vs. Social Learning for each student than to label these two as additional Learning Styles.  Since Mindfulness is Awareness, no matter which is a persons more natural temperament - Solitary or Social- it is important to be able to experience both types of  being present, being with yourself and being with others for basic SEL. This is especially important in a classroom setting and a mindful teacher can skillfully guide the daily dance of balancing each child’s need for independence/solitude with their need for socialization. While the general perception of meditation is that it is a very solitary practice, and any of the above types of practice can be done alone, many also lend themselves to group settings as well. Sitting, walking, chanting, and yoga are all particularly good  Social Mindfulness Practices. Outside of a classroom setting, volunteer work, retreats and seasonal celebrations or festivals all are occasions for people to be mindful but not solitary. 

Likewise, most Contemplative Art practices can be done in a Solitary or Social setting.  Music, dance, mural painting, poetry slams, group writing projects and theater are all mindful creative activities that can be very Social and collaborative. These should be balanced with more inward turning Contemplative Art practices such as watercolor painting, journaling, calligraphy, dance or musical solos and independent writing projects.
Of course, none of these practices are actually mindful if there isn’t awareness on the part of the participants and the especially the facilitator.  This intangible quality of being fully present and creatively weaving multi-sensory  experiences together to present lessons in differing learning styles for all students makes teaching itself an ultimate exercise in Contemplative Art and Mindfulness.
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Mindfulness Practice as a Tool to Accelerate Brain Development to Keep Pace with Social Evolution

3/9/2017

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Early hominids’ survival depended on being alert, vigilant and ready to respond and react very quickly to threats- real or perceived. As Darwin explained, in “On the Origin of the Species”, traits which increase the likelihood of survival remain in the gene pool, so any physical or mental adaptations that reduce reaction time would be inherited. Thousands of years later, we are still hardwired to have hair-trigger reactions. It’s a bit of a disconnect that our emotional and intellectual evolution hasn’t kept pace with the rate at which our First World lives are becoming physically safer. This causes individuals to experience stress and anxiety and to over-react to many stimuli. Our inflated competition for resources and primal responses to potential dangers also causes social dysfunction. Over thirty years of research has shown that mindfulness practice can actually help individuals to reprogram their brains for more appropriate responses and better social function.

The primary area of the brain responsible for threat detection and fear responses is the amygdala; it is primed for vigilance. This way, the brain can compare new experiences with old ones and in a split second assess the safety of a situation. It has been an effective system for keeping our species alive for tens of thousands of years. It is, however, a bad system for our mental and emotional stability when the brain sends signals to the body to invoke the same “fight or flight” response to being late for work or getting cut off in traffic as being attacked by a dire wolf. Modern humans are continually physically and psychologically responding to minor threats and emotional distress with the same intensity as life or death situations. Widespread medical research since the 1970s has proven the existence of myriad stress- related illnesses in individuals such as high blood pressure, asthma. diabetes, migraines, depression and anxiety, and gastrointestinal problems. 

If inappropriately visceral responses are unhealthy for individuals, they are cancerous for society. To promote survival of the species, negative experiences are typically are more easily remembered than positive experiences. To imprint a bad memory very deeply serves as an instant warning to avoid that potential consequence in the future. According to psychologist John Gottman’s research, it takes five compliments to counteract each single criticism.  So obviously any exercise that can train the brain to store positive experiences with an intensity more balanced with negative input will increase individual self-esteem and contentment as well as the quality interpersonal relations. 

People in any social group from schoolrooms to boardrooms to living rooms will interact more harmoniously if they are kind and skillful in their choice of verbal, facial and physical messages they are sending to others, and even more so, if they have been neurologically equipped with the ability to process information using judgment rather than instinct. Simply put, if individuals are educated to process input then respond instead of automatically reacting to perceived threats or insults then potentially negative interactions will not escalate and might even be diffused.

It is no coincidence that the term “stress” in reference to psychosocial anxiety was first used by Walter Cannon in 1932 after the Industrial and Technological Revolutions and The Jazz Age, all of which accelerated the pace of work and social life. Modern life and the needs for survival have changed so much more quickly than our brains have physically evolved that there is an evolutionary disconnect between our instincts and appropriate emotional and physical responses. One of the beautiful miracles of our human biology, however, is the “plasticity” of the brain posited by William James in 1890. Controversial at the time, but taken as scientific fact today, this neuroplasticity, or ability to adapt and develop new pathways within one lifetime, means that we have the power to exercise and develop our brains as much as our bodies.

Mindfulness practices are among the few successful strategies (along with biofeedback and psychotherapy) proven to train the brain not to react so immediately or viscerally to negative input that isn’t actually life-threatening. Thru mindfulness, we can pause, notice a reaction arising, label it and make a more realistic assessment of the situation before consciously deciding on an appropriate response. With practice, we can even choose to just let the situation pass of its own accord without attaching any feelings to it at all or acting in any way. Our forbearers didn’t have to go to the gym to exercise their bodies because they were engaged in the physical work of just surviving every day, but now that we mostly sit at desks or do less strenuous work, we have to make a conscious effort to exercise to stay physically healthy. In much the same way, we have to make a conscious decision to give our brains a workout to retrain them because the social and emotional skills needed for 21st century life are so much different than those our ancestors needed to thrive.

Positive feelings, such as, compassion, love and gratitude stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system (“rest and digest” as opposed to “fight or flight”). Just as with the panic feelings of the sympathetic nervous system, the positive sensations of the parasympathetic nervous system can become imprinted and strengthened with repeated exposure and mindfulness training to become a reservoir of calm that we can access when needed. With continued mindfulness training, our brains can even learn to automatically go to the calming nerve centers associated with the parasympathetic system when stimulated instead of reacting from the impulses of the sympathetic nervous system. Research in this area by Jon Kabat Zinn thru his Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program, launched in 1979, was the foundation of the secular mindfulness movement.

Mindfulness training also increases the plasticity of the prefrontal cortex which is involved in neural integration.  One increased function in this area with meditation is self-awareness and awareness of societal norms. This promotes making appropriate social choices for the good of the self and others. Improved functioning in the prefrontal cortex also increases empathy and communication skills, both the ability to better read facial and tonal cues from other people and the mental dexterity to respond in a thoughtful compassionate manner. Most importantly, the prefrontal cortex is involved in fear modulation or the ability to recognize if the level of distress is proportional and appropriate to the actual situation.

In our modern world, especially the in the workplace or schoolroom, our dangers are
much more likely to be social /interpersonal than physical, so mindfulness practice not
only helps to moderate and tame our animal instincts coming from the amydgala, but actually makes us more attuned to the data being processed in the prefrontal cortex. So it’s really no exaggeration to say that mindfulness practice can actually help to reprogram parts of our brain to be more evolutionarily in line with the social needs of our “civilized” lives. Mindfulness practice can help not only the health of individuals in this way but also benefit society by improving our compassion and social/emotional intelligence. 
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